A rhetorical question for you:

If you were to go look at apartments, or a house to rent, and agreed to the contract stipulations that you, as renter or tenant would be bound to pay $xxxx.xx's per month, for the privilege of living in someone else's property, and that if you did not pay your rent, you agree that you would lose your privilege of living in someone else's property. You agree that this is a general understanding of both parties entering into a lease contract, Right? And when you have a problem with the water heater, or the air conditioner quits, are YOU as renter/tenant liable for its maintenance or replacement, or is the Landlord?

Now, on the other hand, when you save up your hard earned money and put it down as a deposit, or as full payment for a home or land as "Owner", and, when it is "paid in full", with any loan satisfied, discharged as paid; Do you have the same set of expectations as the renter/tenant, Or do you have different sets of expectations as the "Owner"? If you, as Owner, have a problem with your water heater, or the air conditioner quits, does someone else have the responsibility for its maintenance or replacement, or do You as Owner?

If you Own your home, have paid for it in full, according to the fulfillment of the stipulations of the contract, do you not feel that to lose your home to someone who is not a party to the contract, who has no monetary or equitable interest in your land/home, would be by possible fraudulent omission as not stated and stipulated clearly in the contract?

1.) If you’ll check www.manta.com you’ll find that your County Appraisal/Assessor/Tax Collector  is a privately held company. One must ask – how then would a ‘private’ company lawfully send property tax bill$ into the public realm (of the people)?
The property tax bill has a corporation’s  ALL CAPS ENTITY NAME (sometimes a composite of two people's names) on it.  It is Not addressed to you - the living man/woman. Why open it?  Mark it "Return to Sender" "No Person here by that NAME."  On the back: "Return for Mail Fraud."

Using the United States Postal Service to extort revenue from the people to be used for "investments" by an assumed Public Government that is operating as a corporation listed as a privately held company – is insanity in the extreme.

2.) Codes are copyrighted – meaning that whenever those who serve the dark side write the ALL CAPS NAME account title of a corporate governmental-owned Estate –they are not only using THE NAME in commerce without evidence for their claim -or your permission to use it in commerce, but mainly they are attempting to ‘charge’ you for infringing on a copyright (Code).

3.) Revenue codes begin with: "No person shall. . ." We all know, or should know by now, the definition of the word ‘person’; (firm, company or corporation). Are you a 'person' or, one of the people?  Their ‘presumption’ is that you are a U.S. citizen employed by the U.S. corporation and working your entire life to pay U.S. Inc’s debt to the banksters. (See tab off main page: Rights vs. Privileges)

4.) In digging a little deeper (county structure and powers website), and seeing how not-chartered counties operate, it’s no wonder we have an indiscernible out-of-control mess on our hands.

"The Board of Supervisors – unlike the separation of powers that characterizes the federal and state governments, is both the legislative and executive authority of the county. It also has quasi-judicial authorities. A county has the power to sue and be sued, purchase and hold land, manage or dispose of its properties, and levy tax authorized by law."

On the Sec. of California's State’s website is the one document of incorporation of Humboldt -HUMBOLDT COUNTY PUBLIC PROPERTY LEASING CORPORATION, Date 12-11-1985, Type: Domestic Nonprofit. (Ha). Agent for Service of Process- John Bartholomew (the Tax Collector/Treasurer). "Controls all county property, and appropriates and spends money on programs that meet county resident's needs."

So there you have it, "the County" leases from itself. The Supes. and their followers, repeat the words: "Public Safety", "Education" and "Mental Health", but the FACT remains, Public Safety, Education, Mental Health and the homeless people are NOT on their job description list.

Humboldt’s communist BAR members in the County Counsel (of 18) frequent the Probate Court to be appointed as Administrators of the Estates of the deceased. The property is then owned by "The County" and set-up as a lease for an office, to provide space for the growing number of governMental employees, so they can have staph write more ordinances that simultaneously turn into codes to increase revenue, that is not listed on the “BUDGET,” so the sleeple can be deafened with a bi-weekly chant of "Not enough revenue to cover expenses."

From the 1906 Supreme Court ruling of Hale v. Henkel ". . .the corporation is a creature of the state. It is presumed to be incorporated for the benefit of the public. Its powers are limited by law. Its rights to act as a corporation are only preserved to it so long as it obeys the laws of its creation." Investing millions of the people’s public treasury was never meant to be a part of government. Taxation can only be applied per capita, the amount that it takes to run a ‘lawful’ government. Corporations are anti-American.

An ‘Ordinance’ can only be enforced on property owned by the city or county – Not on private property. Hence, the BIG ORDEAL now happening in Humboldt County over a Commercial Medical Marijuana Land (use) Ordinance has brought about my litigation.

So, I’m not trying to ‘get off’ any of Fiction’s adhesion contracts with the living. What they need to show me is evidence for THEIR claim to even consider that they have a right to tell me what to do –how to live my life. Government only exists for one lawful purpose – to protect man’s land and property.

When pushed, they will say, "My hands are tied." THEY are ONLY there to increase the digits on the bottom line of the corporation’s financial records PERIOD.

No oath, no bond, no license = no authority, no jurisdiction, no right over any one else. Equal means equal.

If we don’t call them, there’s absolutely no reason to interact with them – EVER! Unless you’re suing and filing claims on everything they own. 

End 'ForestQueens's' quote

In our County, the Elected Tax Assessor/Collector/Voter Registration office is in one building;  the Appointed Tax Appraiser/Assessor/Collector is in another building, and the Appraiser Review Board who is claimed to be a Separate and Unique Entity, with a separate board of directors; BUT, who uses the same offices, the same address and phone numbers, and the same employees to handle telephone communications, and who utilizes the same building to hold their review hearings therein. So much for being a Separate and Unique Entity!

When one receives a booklet of the Review Board's Do's and Don'ts for the guidelines of the Review of the Land Owner's Alleged Property Tax, and one finds that many if not the majority of the Do's and Don'ts in their own guidelines are disregarded and are in violation thereof, and one makes a complaint to the Appraisal District's Chairman of the Board; One is informed, that these are merely guidelines, and not rules, and that the Review Board is not held to the standards in the guidelines, and that Review Board Members are not accountable to or under the oversight of the Appraisal District's Board of Directors!

Tell me, What accountability is present by the Review Board/Appraisal/Assessor/Collector - To We the People, who pay their salaries, and to whom they work for, and a fiduciary duty is owed? When there is no balance between Authority and Accountability, there is a huge potential for corruption! Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely!

I recently asked the County Auditor this question, and was amazed and pleasantly surprised at the honesty of their answer:

Fact 1. Texas State has no Constitutional basis for Ad Valorem Property Tax. It's been abolished for years. Legislative Intent was for the Schools to be self-supporting by means of dedicated School Lands / Permanent School Fund,  to make public education free, and available to all, without homeowners risking the roof over their heads to finance it. This was never the intent of Congress, from the very beginning!

CN - The Texas Constitution, Art. 8. - Taxation And Revenue, § 1-e.. Abolition Of Ad Valorem Property Taxes.
No State ad valorem taxes shall be levied upon any property within this State.
(Added Nov. 5, 1968; amended Nov. 2, 1982, and Nov. 6, 2001.) (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. 1-e: See Appendix, Note 3.)

This Unconstitutional Policy and Practice amounts to financial rape and pillage of those hard working men and women who are struggling to pay the basic necessities for their families.

Most Texians have absolutely no idea that this Ad Valorem Tax is Unlawful, and that their Counties are willing participants in the imposed duress that their elderly and other honest victims who in good faith, believed what they were being told, that they had a lawful obligation for which they are being foreclosed on. They did not with full disclosure of the truth, Volunteer and Gift their property (money) to the state. No one has consented to writing a signed, blank check with no accountability. The unalienable right to work and exchange the compensation for one's finite gift of one's time in exchange of land and/or private property, is a God- Endowed right that cannot be converted into a privilege to be taxed. The elderly have scrimped and saved to pay their homes off, so as to provide a secure home in their final years. Most property tax currently averages to more monthly, than what some actually paid in historical mortgage payments! Because of this reality, most elderly are utilizing reverse mortgages, which again victimizes them, as typically it is only mortgaged to one spouse, and the other is booted out of their home when the first spouse dies. It also denies their families of their inheritance, and the right to keep their generational home in the family. This is not right, lawful, or equitable!

Fact 2. Texas State has delegated this Ad Valorem Property Tax to its Counties to Collect for them, and then deposit with Texas State Comptroller.

Fact 3. Texas State Comptroller's Office Website admits collecting more than 60 different types of taxes; one of which is Ad Valorem Property Tax.

Fact 4. The County's Tax Collector (de jure elected official) does not collect property taxes; only car license tags, (along with voter's registration)

Fact 5. The County's Commissioner's Court has contracted with the Chief Appraiser to not only assess, appraise, send statements and to collect

Fact 6. The Chief Appraiser does not possess an Appraisal License, an Oath of Office, nor a Bond. She is not elected. She is Contracted by Commissioner's Court, according to the true de jure tax collector of the county. On their .net webpage, (not listed as a county government office) it says that "the County Appraisal District makes no warranty or guarantee concerning the accuracy or reliability of the content at this site or at other sites to which we link. Assessing accuracy and reliability of information is the responsibility of 'the user'. The County Appraisal District shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for any damages in connection with the use of the information contained herein."

FACT 7. Along about the end of September/First of October, home owners receive an Estimated Tax Notice. It says "This is not a Bill. Do not Pay!". Then, about 6 weeks later, home owners receive a STATEMENT instructing homeowners to Pay 1234.56, but it does not specify what specie it wants it paid with. Statements presume a Bill has been sent, when in fact no bill has ever been sent or received. The Tax Code (if you are in fact a Taxpayer- see taxation page for definition of TERM and are made liable for the Tax), requires the Appraisal District to send you a BILL! Even when asked, a BILL is never mailed! Notice most property tax statements do not typically include a dollar symbol. Even if they do have something that resembles a dollar symbol, the symbol used is a Mexican peso symbol, not a U.S. Dollar Symbol.

Texas Tax Code Section 31.01 requires the assessor to prepare and mail a tax bill to each property owner listed on the tax roll or to that person's agent by Oct. 1 or as soon thereafter as practicable each year. In the case of mortgaged property where taxes are paid from an escrow account controlled by the mortgagee (mortgage holder), the notice requirements are satisfied by sending the tax bill to the mortgagee. Written authorization by the property owner is not required in order to deliver the tax bill to the mortgage company when the mortgage company acknowledges that it has authority for payment of taxes on the property.

For purposes of this section, a tax bill includes both the tax bill and separate statements referenced in Tax Code Section 31.01. http://comptroller.texas.gov/taxinfo/proptax/taxbills/#a1

Tax assessments state “you have a balance due…” “if you paid this balance…” “you can review your account balance”
Is it not curious it's a “balance due”
Bouvier: BALANCE, com. law. The amount which remains due by one of two persons, who have been dealing together, to the other, after the settlement of their accounts
Blacks Law: BALANCE
The amount remaining due from one person to another on a settlement of the accounts involving their mutual dealings; the difference between the two sides (debit and credit) of an account. A balance is the conclusion or result of the debit and credit sides of an account. It implies mutual dealings, and the existence of debt and credit, without which there could be no balance.
….and the existence of debt and credit, without which there could be no balance.

Fact 10. Jurisdiction:

The Texas Constitution, Art. 5. - Judicial Department, § 8. Jurisdiction Of District Court.

District Court jurisdiction consists of exclusive, appellate, and original jurisdiction of all actions, proceedings, and remedies, except in cases where exclusive, appellate, or original jurisdiction may be conferred by this Constitution or other law on some other court, tribunal, or administrative body. District Court judges shall have the power to issue writs necessary to enforce their jurisdiction.

The District Court shall have appellate jurisdiction and general supervisory control over the County Commissioners Court, with such exceptions and under such regulations as may be prescribed by law.   (Amended Aug. 11, 1891, Nov. 6, 1973, and Nov. 5, 1985.)

Equity in State District Court? Take a Look!!!
♦Texas Property Code § 115.001. Jurisdiction♦

(a) Except as provided by Subsection.... (d) of this section, a district court has original and exclusive jurisdiction over all proceedings by or against a trustee and all proceedings concerning trusts....
(b) The district court may exercise the powers of a court of equity in matters pertaining to trusts.
http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/PR/htm/PR.115.htm

Texas State District Courts - New Texas Court Rule state:
Complex Cases: Upon motion and three days' notice, any party, for good cause shown, may move the Monitoring Judge to designate a case as complex, which will thereafter be assigned to one Judge. Whether a case is sufficiently extraordinary and complex to justify such designation is a decision to be made at the discretion of the Monitoring Judge.

When the Monitoring Judge has designated a case as complex, the Monitoring Judge shall then assign the case in random order to one Judge for all further pre-trial matters and for trial and insofar as is practicable a proportionate share of such cases shall be assigned to each civil District Court.
http://www.txcourts.gov/All_Archived_Documents/SupremeCourt/AdministrativeOrders/miscdocket/95/95-9141.pdf

If Civil and Statutory, it would be referred to as a Complex Case… If in Equity, it would be referred to as a Complex Matter,  as a motion to monitoring judge for to designate the matter a complicated matter, (as akin to a complex case) and show equity is asked for on motion...to avoid multiplicity of suits... with a Prayer for Order for Determination Hearing, so judge can determine the equities of the parties...Order to have clerk docket the matter on a Special Equity Term Docket, and if there is not one running then to bring it back from vacation (but in the meantime that judge can sign the order while it is on vacation) to issue permanent injunction as you are quia timet....etc.

The sovereignty of a state extends to everything which exists by its own authority, or is introduced by its permission; but does not extend to those means which are employed by congress to carry into execution powers conferred on that body by the people of the United States. The attempt to use the taxing power of a state on the means employed by the government of the Union, in pursuance of the constitution, is itself an abuse, because it is the usurpation of a power which the people of a single state cannot give. The power to tax involves the power to destroy;
Van Brocklin v. Anderson 117 U.S. 151 (1977) Pg. 3, right column]

Fact 11. So, if it's unconstitutional for Texas to levy any Ad Valorem Property Tax on any property within this state, but the STATE delegates this duty to the county to do it for them…. why wouldn't the County have to sue under County laws and rules, in a County Court (instead of using STATE codes, and sue in the name of the STATE OF TEXAS) in a District Court, to possess proper Jurisdiction???
Are we possibly in the wrong court?

Fact 12. If we are the Grantee / Assignee/ Heir of a PERFECTED TITLE, then none of this really matters, as unless they reserved rights to generate income in the form of minerals, or taxation (feudal rents) the Government loses all jurisdiction when it grants land, unless otherwise stipulated.

The gist of the Brown v NHRRA is quoted here: Note the government loses its jurisdiction over the land as soon as a valid patent is issued.
[¶ 13.] The Beres court emphasized that the landowners' successors in interest had derived title from a land patent. The court noted that a land patent that is "regular in form and for whose issuance there is statutory authority is so binding on the government that a purchaser from the patentee need make no investigation as to the details of its issuance the legal title has passed and the patent is conclusive against the government. The [government] *737 loses its jurisdiction over the land as soon as a valid patent is issued." Id. at 417 (quoting U.S. v. Eaton Shale Co., 433 F.Supp. 1256, 1267 (D.Colo.1977)) (alteration in the original). The land patent to Beres' land failed to reserve an interest by the United States. Id. Consequently, the court concluded that the United States failed to retain an interest in the ROW. The court reasoned as follows:

[T]he United States Supreme Court recognizes the sanctity of land transfers, and has expressed reluctance to interfere with land rights in which no reservations were present when conferred, stating that: "Generations of land patents have issued without any express reservation of the right now claimed by the Government. . . . [W]e are unwilling to upset settled expectations to accommodate some ill-defined power to construct public thoroughfares without compensation."

Id. (quoting Leo Sheep Co., (440 U.S. at 687-88, 99 S.Ct. at 1414, 59 L.Ed.2d 677).

Fact 13: If we file a Show Cause, and the Court does not Timely Answer Show Cause, One may try Entering a Summary Judgment, and provide a directed Judge's Order.

TX - Tax Code,  Title 3. - Local Taxation, Subtitle A. - General Taxing Authority And Provisions, Ch. 302. - Taxation Powers Of Municipalities,
Subchapter A. - Property Taxes, § 302.001.. Property Taxes Authorized; Purposes.

(a) A Type A general-law municipality may levy property taxes for current expenses, for the construction or purchase of public buildings, water works, sewers, and other permanent improvements in the municipality, including municipal schools and school sites, and for the construction and improvement of municipal roads, streets, and bridges in the municipality.
(b) A Type B general-law municipality may levy property taxes at an annual rate not to exceed 25 cents for each $100 of property valuation.
(c) A home-rule municipality may levy special or general property taxes for lawful purposes.

Added by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 191, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987.

Do you see anywhere in this Authorization- for Collection of property taxes - for INVESTMENTS,  AND ALL OF THE MANY VARIOUS CAFR ACCOUNTS IN WHICH THEY HIDE EXCESS MONEY? What is excluded is not included.

So, If I were to ask you, How much of the taxes that are collected from the men and women domiciled within the county, as well as those taxes collected from the companies, firms and corporations; HOW MUCH of that money collected is put to work on behalf of the people, for the PURPOSE it was Collected for?"

This Auditor honestly told me, "Very little. Most of the money goes to either County Overhead, or Investments by the County."

 School Tax : Original Funding Provision provided by school land sections in every county to be self -supporting.

See: Additional information on Funding Tab, under School Funding.

See Also: Trespass Tab for more information

1. More school funding not provided for by Constitution for approx. 38 years (1876) - after our land was granted in 1845.
2. Texas Constitution repealed all Ad Valorem tax collection in Texas in 1968, but the comptroller has continued to allow its collection- through the political subdivision of the county. The State tries to claim they are not charging Ad Valorem Tax; yet the Comptroller lists it as part of the many sources of Taxes it collects.
3. Texas Supreme Court case cite: Ad Valorem Tax as unconstitutional: Carrollton v. Edgewood
4. Governor Ann Richards: confirms school tax unconstitutional
5. Dallas Community College District Court case: confirms Ad Valorem tax as unconstitutional, but Court states refunding illegally collected tax to be a "hardship" to taxing entities, and would create "fiscal chaos", so the Courts participate in allowing it to continue unchecked [!]; ignoring the thousands of landowners who endure the hardship and fiscal chaos of illegally losing their land and being put out on the street for an unconstitutional tax known by those who enforce it to be unlawful. (See Footnote 11, page 31)
6. This tax is a Direct Tax, which lead me to look into Excise Taxes. This lead me to the case: "Excise" in them…. which brought me to Redfield v. Fisher. Even though this case states:
   ….that men and women, unlike the corporation, cannot be taxed for the mere privilege of existing. The corporation is an artificial existence and charter powers to the state; but the individuals' right to live and own property are natural rights for the enjoyment of which an excise cannot be imposed...We believe that the conclusion is well justified that a tax laid directly upon the income of property, real or personal, may well be regarded as a tax upon the property which produces the income. Redfield v. Fisher, Oreg. Sup. Ct. 292 at 813, 817, 819. (1930)
7. I was poking around on the Supreme Court website, and bumped into this. If you read it, you'll see how the court cannot really make up it's mind if ad valorem school tax is constitutional or not. Seems like every time they look at it, they see it differently!
   Court Holds School Finance System Constitutional May 13, 2016

Many have mentioned the enforcement is by Police Powers. I looked it up in the annotated Texas Constitution.
The collection of this "tax" is a unconstitutional takings, and the abuse of police powers against the people who did not delegate such power to those in government to employ fraud against the people to enrich the coffers of the government. This concerns Texas Public Policy as this known fraud affects most every land owner in Texas, specifically more than a thousand Texans who annually lose their homes to tax foreclosures. (See Texas Constitution Art. 1, Section 29 annotated)

CN - The Texas Constitution, Art. 8. - Taxation And Revenue, § 1-e.. Abolition Of Ad Valorem Property Taxes.
No State ad valorem taxes shall be levied upon any property within this State.
(Added Nov. 5, 1968; amended Nov. 2, 1982, and Nov. 6, 2001.) (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. 1-e: See Appendix, Note 3.)

This Unconstitutional Policy and Practice amounts to financial rape and pillage of those hard working men and women who are struggling to pay the basic necessities for their families.

This is an important issue to all those in Texas, to speak out for those who cannot speak for themselves. When the Government becomes a Law breaker, it breeds contempt for the law; it invites anarchy.

In Olmstead vs. U.S. 277 US 438, 48 S.Ct. 564, 575; 72 L ED 944 (1928) he declared (emphasis underlined):
“Decency, security, and liberty alike demand that Government officials shall be subjected to the same rules of conduct that are commands to the Citizen. In a Government of laws, existence of the Government will be imperiled if it fails to observe the law scrupulously. Our Government is the potent, the omnipresent teacher. For good or for ill, it teaches the whole people by its example. Crime is contagious. If the Government becomes a law-breaker, it breeds contempt for law; it invites every man to become a law unto himself; it invites anarchy. To declare that in the administration of the law the end justifies the means could bring a terrible retribution. Against that pernicious doctrine, this Court should resolutely set its face.”

I have a hunch, that due to the influx of immigrants, property taxation is going to be escalating so quickly that soon no one will be able to afford their home, even if it's paid for. We need to resolve this matter now.

Part of finding answers is research, and Research in this Taxation issue is doing Open Records Requests / Freedom of Information Requests, and Personal Information Requests.

While I have been focusing since 2011 on the History of Land, the Laws, Constitution, and Equitable Principles as they relate to Land Law, Land Patents and Grants and the Land Rights conveyed with these grants of land into the private from the government's public lands…. 

Another man, named Mike Palma has been focused on Property Tax since 2007.  His focus and approach is totally different than mine, his county is Harris, while mine is Austin county,  but a recent call relating to his last past 4 Personal Information Requests from Harris County's Appraisal District and their attorneys, have revealed an interesting revelation. The answers relate to the way things are set up in the Appraisal District's favor, to prejudice and bias the various Appraisal Review Boards, the Courts, Judges and the various Legal Counsel to NOT be concerned with the Law as written, but the Policy's put in place to generate revenue for the County and the State. As you will see by reading Mike's PIR requests, and their answers, you will see the mammoth amounts of money involved, and the way the "deck is stacked" to prevent any man, woman or homeowner to prevail in being removed from the County's Commercial Tax Roll, when in truth, they shouldn't be on it in the first place, unless they are operating a for profit business from their home. As we have seen in the Funding Tab, School Lands… the bulk of all Tax is already provided and paid for as intended by Congress  with designated School Lands / Permanent School Fund -to be self-supporting and not a burden to men and women, nor be at risk of losing the roof over their heads, to pay for "free education".

One helpful link to look things up is found at https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/

Because of the far reaching amount of players in this "game", it definitely qualifies as RICO, in addition to fraud.

Remember, Notice to Agent is Notice to Principle.  Notice to Principle is Notice to Agent.  Anyone who has an Oath, has volunteered to uphold the Laws and the Constitution of not only this state, but also that of the United States. 

Be sure to invoke the Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution, so that you can use the United States Code in pointing out all the Felonies and Crimes our Public Servants have committed in their pursuit of charging us with violation of various Codes, that have not been certified as Constitutional prior to implementation, nor has anyone signed a sworn claim against the People, signed under penalty of Perjury.

Be sure you make Claims, Not Complaints.  Document your evidence, Give Proof, Include your Affidavit on All Documents, with Notary Seal. Require Proof of Delivery Acceptance.

Use 3rd Party independent Notary Witness to all Dynamic Negotiations, so Notary can witness whether or not there was any response received by their office in response to your Challenge. They can then write an Affidavit to this fact, and have their signature Notarized by another Notary.

Remember, this is all about creating Evidence.  You will not win in lower courts. There is too much conflict of interest, corruption and conspiracy.  But, if you make it out of their litter box, and into a Federal Court which does not have a dog in this hunt (county/state), That's where the evidence you create will find a more unbiased reception.

Constitution of Texas (1845) (Joining the U.S.)

ARTICLE VII.

General Provisions.

SEC. 20. The rights of property and of action, which have been acquired under the constitution and laws of the republic of Texas, shall not be divested; nor shall any rights or actions which have been divested, barred, or declared null and void by the constitution and laws of the republic of Texas, be re-invested, revived, or re-instated by this constitution; but the same shall remain precisely in the situation [in] which they were before the adoption of this constitution.

SEC. 22. The legislature shall have power to protect by law, from forced sale, a certain portion of the property of all heads of families. The homestead of a family, not to exceed two hundred acres of land, (not included in a town or city, or any town or city lot or lots,) in value not to exceed two thousand dollars, shall not be subject to forced sale for any debts hereafter contracted; nor shall the owner, if a married man, be at liberty to alienate the same, unless by the consent of the wife, in such manner as the legislature may hereafter point out.

SEC. 27. Taxation shall be equal and uniform throughout the State. All property in this State shall be taxed in proportion to its value, to be ascertained as directed by law; except such property as two-thirds of both houses of the legislature may think proper to exempt from taxation. The legislature shall have power to lay an income tax, and to tax all persons pursuing any occupation, trade, or profession: Provided, That the term occupation shall not be construed to apply to pursuits either agricultural or mechanical.

SEC. 28. The legislature shall have power to provide by law for exempting from taxation two hundred and fifty dollars' worth of the household furniture, or other property belonging to each family in this State. Ck. comparative value in 2015dollars.

● Even though this provision was in the Constitution, there was no ACT to provide for Taxation until 1876 (Act referred to and linked below), and no Tax Code till 1979. So, there was no non-commercial private property tax unless one rendered one's property voluntarily and freely (it could be a watch) for the vested right of voting. Realty, (Real Property held in inventory to sell for profit) is a company, firm or corporation (business property) that was typically taxable.

In all these proceedings the substantial elements of a contract are lacking. The state of Texas, succeeding to the sovereignty of the former government, recognized all that might, under any circumstances, be considered its international obligation, and confirmed the title which had been made. It made no grant of additional land. It simply relinquished all claims to that which had been granted by the former sovereign and confirmed the title made by that grant. It received no consideration. As the description in the original survey was defective, it provided means for perfecting that description and authorized a patent, which is the highest evidence of title.

Therefore,
The challenge is to find the debate, and the specifics of WHAT was liable for Taxation…..  Commerce!

CONSTITUTION OF 1876 JOURNALS - AD VALORE TAXATION - 1875_10_22_jnl.pdf
DEBATES CONSTITUTIONAL - AUGUST 6 1845 - WHAT SYSTEM OF TAXATION TO IMPLEMENT - HOW TO VALUE (COMMERCIAL) PROPERTY (2).pdf

We know that all working homesteads (say for example 1200 acres) were expected to be worked to create a profit, as most people did not live one place and work another in those days….. 

So, the working homestead was a source of revenue to support the family, and that revenue was taxable…… But the Homestead of a family, not to exceed two hundred acres of land, not exceed two thousand dollars (in 1845), shall not be subject to forced sale for any debts hereafter contracted; nor shall the owner, if a married man, be at liberty to alienate the same……….

Land Law History Essay - Florida Perspective

http://www.davemanuel.com/inflation-calculator.php

$    1  of 1845 dollars is now worth $31.25

$250  of 1845 dollars would be worth: $7,812.50 in 2015 \ $250  of 2015 dollars would be worth: $      8.00 in 1845  /

Household furniture

$2000 of 1845 dollars would be worth: $62,500.00 in 2015  \ $2000 of 2015 dollars would be worth: $      64.00 in 1845   /

Land and Improvements

PROPERTY TAX MEMORANDUM OF LAW